Nævnet meddelte i november 2015 opholdstilladelse (K-status) til en mandlig statsborger fra Syrien. Indrejst i 2014.
Ansøgeren er etnisk kurder og muslim af trosretning fra Syrien. Ansøgeren har ikke været medlem af politiske eller religiøse foreninger eller organisationer eller i øvrigt været politisk aktiv. Flygtningenævnet lægger som Udlændingestyrelsen til grund, at ansøgeren isoleret set er omfattet af udlændingelovens § 7, stk. 1, og at han er meddelt opholdstilladelse i Bulgarien. Spørgsmålet er herefter om Bulgarien kan tjene som første asylland for ansøgeren. "The Commissioner notes that 2014, which was the year with the highest number of recognised refugees ever, was defined as the “zero integration year” by NGO monitoring integration measures. The few previously existing measures for integration were discontinued and no new measures were taken during this year. No funds were earmarked for the year 2014 and the strategy was therefore not implemented at all during that year. The Commissioner understands that the situation has not improved as of April 2015. Bulgaria is increasingly seen as a transit country by the authorities who consider that most of the migrants, including asylum seekers, do not wish to stay in the country. In April 2014, UNHCR expressed particular concern that “in the absence of a solid strategy and sustainable programme to ensure access to livelihoods, affordable housing, language acquisition and effective access to formal education for children, beneficiaries of international protection may not have effective access to self-reliance opportunities and thus may be at risk of poverty and homelessness". As far as access to housing is concerned, several hundred persons who have been recognised as refugees continue to remain in reception centres because they lack the means to live independently. The authorities give the possibility to stay in the open centre even after having been granted refugee status for a period up to six months. As of January 2015, out of 3,675 persons accommodated in reception centres, 850 were recognised refugees (23%). There have been allegations of corruption whereby the staff of the centre are said to extort payments from the families for the right to stay. There have also been reports of “eviction campaigns” by the SAR, pushing recognised refugees, including those in a vulnerable situation, out of the reception centres despite the fact that they were legally entitled to stay and that there was room in the reception centre. Once the six months are over, the persons have to leave and they reportedly have no access to municipal social housing and receive financial aid that is not sufficient to cover the cost of decent accommodation. As a result, many are said to be at risk of homelessness. One of the major concerns in terms of integration is that refugee children do not attend school for various reasons, but mainly because of the strong bureaucracy preventing them from enrolling in schools. While 800 refugee children were in principle registered as being of school age, only 45 of them were enrolled for the year 2014/2015. Another serious concern relates to high level of racism and intolerance in Bulgaria targeting several groups including immigrants, asylum seekers and refugees. The number of hate crimes and incidents of hate speech against migrants rose steeply at the end of 2013. There have been several anti-migrant demonstrations and there were attempts at that time to create “citizen patrols” with the declared aim of exercising self-defence against migrants and asylum seekers. In its 2014 Report on Bulgaria ECRI stressed that racist and intolerant hate speech was escalating, the main target now being refugees, referring to an “explosion of xenophobic hate speech against refugees”. According to ECRI, the authorities rarely voice any counter-hate speech messages to the public. ECRI also noted that hate speech targeting refugees had resulted in actual violence against this group and persons perceived as belonging to this group. There have been several incidents showing hostility against asylum seekers and refugees among the general public. In September 2014, villagers protested against plans to admit 12 refugee children from Afghanistan and Somalia to a local school in Kovatchevtsi. The then Chair of the Agency admitted that these tensions were one of the reasons for closing the reception centre in Kovatchevtsi in November 2014, as mentioned above. In another case, in September 2014, protesting parents, teachers and local authorities prevented nine refugee children from attending school in Kalishte in the province of Pernik. Extremist parties are also said to stir up hatred, notably by denouncing Syrians as “terrorists” and “criminals”." Ansøgeren er indrejst i Danmark sammen med sine forældre og sine fire mindreårige søskende og er efter Udlændingestyrelsens afgørelse selv fyldt 18 år. Familien har efter meddelelse af opholdstilladelse i Bulgarien tilbragt 8 måneder der. De har ikke haft egen bolig i Bulgarien, men har mod betaling af bestikkelse kunnet bo på et asylcenter. Ingen af børnene har gået i skole eller i øvrigt modtaget undervisning. Ansøgerens fader har forklaret, at han i forbindelse med familiens forsøg på illegal udrejse til Serbien blev pågrebet og tævet af bulgarsk politi. Ansøgeren har ikke selv afgivet forklaring hverken i Udlændingestyrelsen eller i Flygtningenævnet, men har henholdt sig til sine forældres forklaring. Flygtningenævnet har fundet, at Bulgarien ikke kan tjene som første asylland for ansøgerens forældre og søskende. Flygtningenævnet har således efter de fremlagte oplysninger fra læge og psykolog lagt til grund, at ansøgerens fader frembyder symptomer på PTSD med angstreaktioner, at han har haft selvmordstanker, at han går til psykologsamtaler, og at han af lægen er anbefalet antidepressiv medicinsk behandling. Også for Flygtningenævnet har ansøgerens fader fremtrådt svært belastet af familiens oplevelser i Syrien og Bulgarien, som han har forklaret om forpint og grædende. Nævnet har endvidere lagt til grund, at også ansøgerens 9-årige bror er særligt belastet af familiens situation. Flygtningenævnet finder efter en samlet vurdering af ansøgerens forhold, at han ligesom den øvrige familie må anses for særligt sårbar således, at Bulgarien ikke kan tjene som hans første asylland. Flygtningenævnet meddeler derfor den syriske statsborger […] opholdstilladelse i medfør af udlændingelovens § 7, stk. 1. Syri/2015/57
